*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

    :root {
      --paper:    #F6F3EC;
      --paper-2:  #EDE8DC;
      --paper-3:  #E5DFD0;
      --ink:      #0E1014;
      --ink-2:    #1B1E23;
      --meta:     #504E4A;
      --meta-2:   #7A7570;
      --rule:     #CEC6B5;
      --oxblood:  #6B1F28;
      --oxblood-2:#8A2A34;
      --serif:    'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
      --sans:     'Inter Tight', system-ui, sans-serif;
      --mono:     'JetBrains Mono', monospace;
      --ease:     cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
      --max:      1400px;
    }

    html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scrollbar-color: var(--rule) var(--paper); scrollbar-width: thin; }

    body {
      background: var(--paper);
      color: var(--ink);
      font-family: var(--sans);
      font-size: 16px;
      line-height: 1.6;
      -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
      overflow-x: hidden;
    }

    a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
    ::selection { background: var(--oxblood); color: var(--paper); }
    :focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--oxblood); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 1px; }

    /* ── Progress ── */
    #progress {
      position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0;
      height: 2px; width: 0%;
      background: var(--oxblood);
      z-index: 1000;
      transition: width 0.05s linear;
    }

    /* ── Layout ── */
    .w { max-width: var(--max); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 52px; }

    /* ── Scroll reveal ── */
    .r { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(18px); transition: opacity 0.65s var(--ease), transform 0.65s var(--ease); }
    .r.on { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
    .d1 { transition-delay: 0.09s; } .d2 { transition-delay: 0.18s; }
    .d3 { transition-delay: 0.27s; } .d4 { transition-delay: 0.36s; }

    /* ── Typography utilities ── */
    .mono-label {
      font-family: var(--mono);
      font-size: 9.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.18em;
      text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--meta);
    }
    .mono-label-red { color: var(--oxblood); }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       NAV  — slim, sticky, newspaper-style
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    nav {
      position: sticky;
      top: 0; z-index: 100;
      background: var(--paper);
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
      transition: box-shadow 0.25s;
    }
    nav.scrolled { box-shadow: 0 2px 16px rgba(14,16,20,0.07); }
    .nav-inner {
      display: flex;
      align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      height: 52px;
    }
    .nav-logo {
      display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1;
    }
    .nav-logo-n {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700;
      letter-spacing: 0.05em;
      
    }
    .nav-logo-s {
      font-family: var(--mono);
      font-size: 8px; letter-spacing: 0.2em;
      text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--meta); margin-top: 2px;
    }
    .nav-links { display: flex; gap: 26px; list-style: none; }
    .nav-links a {
      font-size: 12px; color: var(--meta); letter-spacing: 0.02em;
      transition: color 0.15s;
    }
    .nav-links a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
    .nav-r { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; }
    .nav-jsm {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--meta); border: 1px solid var(--rule);
      padding: 6px 12px; border-radius: 2px;
      transition: border-color 0.15s, color 0.15s;
    }
    .nav-jsm:hover { border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--ink); }
    .nav-sub {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase;
      background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
      padding: 7px 16px; border-radius: 2px;
      border: 1px solid var(--ink); cursor: pointer;
      transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .nav-sub:hover { background: var(--oxblood); border-color: var(--oxblood); }
    @media (max-width: 900px) { .nav-links { display: none; } }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       MASTHEAD  — newspaper edition header
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .masthead {
      padding: 36px 0 28px;
      border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink);
    }
    .masthead-top {
      display: flex; align-items: baseline;
      justify-content: space-between;
      gap: 24px;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
      padding-bottom: 12px;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    }
    .masthead-vol {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--meta);
    }
    .masthead-date {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--meta);
    }
    .masthead-main {
      display: flex; align-items: flex-end;
      justify-content: space-between; gap: 32px;
    }
    .masthead-name {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: clamp(56px, 9vw, 120px);
      font-weight: 900; line-height: 0.9;
      letter-spacing: -0.03em;
      
    }
    .masthead-name em { font-style: italic; color: var(--oxblood); }
    .masthead-right {
      text-align: right; flex-shrink: 0;
      padding-bottom: 8px; max-width: 300px;
    }
    .masthead-tagline {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: 15px; font-style: italic; color: var(--meta);
      line-height: 1.45; margin-bottom: 14px;
    }
    .masthead-links {
      display: flex; gap: 16px; justify-content: flex-end; flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
    .masthead-links a {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--meta-2); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
      padding-bottom: 1px; transition: color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .masthead-links a:hover { color: var(--oxblood); border-color: var(--oxblood); }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       LEAD  — cover story + aside
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .lead { padding: 0; }
    .lead-inner {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 320px;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
    }
    .lead-main {
      padding: 48px 52px 48px 0;
      border-right: 1px solid var(--ink);
    }
    .lead-badge {
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
      margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    .badge-cat {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase;
      background: var(--oxblood); color: var(--paper);
      padding: 3px 10px; border-radius: 1px;
    }
    .badge-new {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 8.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--oxblood); border: 1px solid var(--oxblood);
      padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 1px;
    }
    .lead-h {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: clamp(30px, 4.2vw, 54px);
      font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.06;
      letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin-bottom: 18px;
      
    }
    .lead-h em { font-style: italic; color: var(--oxblood); }
    .lead-deck {
      font-size: 16px; color: var(--meta);
      line-height: 1.65; max-width: 62ch; margin-bottom: 26px;
    }
    .lead-byline {
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px;
      margin-bottom: 28px;
    }
    .lead-byline span {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--meta-2);
    }
    .byline-sep { color: var(--rule) !important; }
    .lead-cta {
      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--ink); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
      padding-bottom: 2px; transition: color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .lead-cta .arr { display: inline-block; transition: transform 0.15s; }
    .lead-cta:hover { color: var(--oxblood); border-color: var(--oxblood); }
    .lead-cta:hover .arr { transform: translateX(4px); }

    /* Lead aside */
    .lead-aside {
      padding: 48px 0 48px 40px;
      display: flex; flex-direction: column;
    }
    .aside-hd {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.2em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--meta-2); padding-bottom: 14px;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
      margin-bottom: 0;
    }
    .aside-item {
      display: block; padding: 18px 0;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
      transition: color 0.15s;
    }
    .aside-item:hover h4 { color: var(--oxblood); }
    .aside-item .ai-beat {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 8.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--oxblood); margin-bottom: 8px;
    }
    .aside-item h4 {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: 15.5px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.3;
      margin-bottom: 8px; transition: color 0.15s;
      
    }
    .aside-item .ai-meta {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 8.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.08em; color: var(--meta-2);
    }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       ARTICLE GRID  — newspaper column layout
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .articles { padding: 56px 0; }
    .sec-hd {
      display: flex; align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between;
      padding-bottom: 14px;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
      margin-bottom: 32px;
    }
    .sec-hd-lbl {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.2em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--meta);
    }
    .sec-hd-link {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--oxblood); transition: opacity 0.15s;
    }
    .sec-hd-link:hover { opacity: 0.65; }
    .art-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
      border-left: 1px solid var(--rule);
      border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
    }
    .art-card {
      padding: 28px 32px 36px;
      border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
      cursor: pointer;
      transition: background 0.2s;
    }
    .art-card:hover { background: var(--paper-2); }
    .art-card:hover .ac-h { color: var(--oxblood); }
    .ac-beat {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 8.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.18em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--oxblood); margin-bottom: 12px;
    }
    .ac-h {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: clamp(16px, 1.6vw, 20px);
      font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: 12px;
      transition: color 0.15s; 
    }
    .ac-ex {
      font-size: 13px; color: var(--meta);
      line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    .ac-footer {
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
      border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-top: 14px; margin-top: auto;
    }
    .ac-meta {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 8.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--meta-2);
    }
    .ac-meta-sep { color: var(--rule); }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       MANIFESTO BREAK  — reversed ink block
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .manifesto {
      background: var(--ink);
      color: var(--paper);
      padding: 80px 0;
    }
    .man-inner {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 140px 1fr;
      gap: 56px; align-items: start;
    }
    .man-side {
      padding-top: 6px;
    }
    .man-side-lbl {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.22em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: rgba(248,248,246,0.35);
      writing-mode: vertical-rl;
      text-orientation: mixed;
      transform: rotate(180deg);
    }
    .man-body {}
    .man-q {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: clamp(22px, 2.8vw, 36px);
      font-weight: 400; font-style: italic;
      line-height: 1.38; letter-spacing: -0.01em;
      margin-bottom: 28px; 
    }
    .man-q strong {
      font-style: normal; font-weight: 700;
      text-decoration: underline;
      text-decoration-color: var(--oxblood);
      text-underline-offset: 5px;
      text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
    }
    .man-rule {
      width: 48px; height: 2px;
      background: var(--oxblood); margin-bottom: 18px;
    }
    .man-sub {
      font-size: 13.5px;
      color: rgba(248,248,246,0.5);
      line-height: 1.6; max-width: 56ch;
    }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       STATS STRIP
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .stats {
      background: var(--paper-2);
      border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    }
    .stats-grid {
      display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,1fr);
    }
    .stat {
      padding: 48px 52px;
      border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
      position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    }
    .stat:last-child { border-right: none; }
    .stat::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0;
      width: 0; height: 3px;
      background: var(--oxblood);
      transition: width 1.3s var(--ease);
    }
    .stat.on::before { width: 100%; }
    .stat-n {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: 56px; font-weight: 900;
      line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 10px;
      letter-spacing: -0.02em;
      
    }
    .stat-n sup {
      font-size: 26px; font-weight: 600;
      color: var(--oxblood);
      vertical-align: top; margin-top: 8px;
      display: inline-block;
    }
    .stat-n .unit {
      font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500;
      color: var(--oxblood); margin-left: 4px;
    }
    .stat-lbl { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 6px; }
    .stat-desc { font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--meta); line-height: 1.55; max-width: 220px; }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       COVERAGE BEATS  — Economist-style numbered
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .coverage { padding: 80px 0 64px; }
    .beat-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
    .beat {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 72px 1fr 180px;
      gap: 0;
      align-items: start;
      padding: 22px 0;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
      cursor: default;
      position: relative;
    }
    .beat::before {
      content: '';
      position: absolute;
      left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0;
      width: 0;
      background: rgba(220,0,0,0.04);
      transition: width 0.4s var(--ease);
      pointer-events: none;
    }
    .beat:hover::before { width: 100%; }
    .beat:hover .beat-n { color: var(--oxblood); }
    .beat:hover .beat-tag { border-color: var(--oxblood); color: var(--oxblood); }
    .beat-n {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: 19px; font-weight: 700;
      color: var(--rule); padding-top: 2px;
      transition: color 0.2s;
    }
    .beat-title {
      font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 4px;
    }
    .beat-desc {
      font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--meta);
      line-height: 1.55; max-width: 560px;
    }
    .beat-tag {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: var(--meta-2); border: 1px solid var(--rule);
      padding: 4px 10px; border-radius: 2px;
      justify-self: end; align-self: start; margin-top: 2px;
      white-space: nowrap;
      transition: border-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
    }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       NEWSLETTER  — FT-style split
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .newsletter {
      background: var(--paper-3);
      border-top: 3px solid var(--ink);
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
      padding: 72px 0;
    }
    .nl-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr 400px;
      gap: 80px; align-items: center;
    }
    .nl-eye { margin-bottom: 14px; }
    .nl-h {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: clamp(28px, 3.5vw, 44px);
      font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.1;
      letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin-bottom: 14px;
      
    }
    .nl-h em { font-style: italic; color: var(--oxblood); }
    .nl-p {
      font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--meta);
      line-height: 1.65; max-width: 48ch;
    }
    .nl-field {
      width: 100%;
      background: var(--paper);
      border: 1px solid var(--rule); color: var(--ink);
      font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 14px;
      padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 2px; outline: none;
      margin-bottom: 10px;
      transition: border-color 0.2s;
    }
    .nl-field::placeholder { color: var(--meta-2); }
    .nl-field:focus { border-color: var(--ink); }
    .nl-row { display: flex; }
    .nl-row .nl-field {
      border-radius: 2px 0 0 2px;
      border-right: none; margin-bottom: 0;
    }
    .nl-btn {
      background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase;
      padding: 0 22px; border: 1px solid var(--ink);
      border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0;
      cursor: pointer; white-space: nowrap;
      transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .nl-btn:hover { background: var(--oxblood); border-color: var(--oxblood); }
    .nl-fine {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 8.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.07em; color: var(--meta-2); margin-top: 10px;
    }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       CONSULTING REFERRAL  — tasteful strip
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .consulting {
      padding: 56px 0;
      border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    }
    .con-inner {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
      gap: 48px; align-items: center;
    }
    .con-eye { margin-bottom: 10px; }
    .con-text {
      font-family: var(--serif);
      font-size: clamp(18px, 2.2vw, 25px);
      font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.4;
      max-width: 72ch; 
    }
    .con-text a {
      color: var(--oxblood); font-style: italic;
      text-decoration: underline;
      text-underline-offset: 4px;
      text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
    }
    .con-btn {
      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
      background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9.5px;
      letter-spacing: 0.14em; text-transform: uppercase;
      padding: 14px 22px; border-radius: 2px;
      border: 1px solid var(--ink); white-space: nowrap;
      transition: background 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
    }
    .con-btn .arr { display: inline-block; transition: transform 0.15s; }
    .con-btn:hover { background: var(--oxblood); border-color: var(--oxblood); }
    .con-btn:hover .arr { transform: translateX(3px); }

    /* ────────────────────────────────────────────
       FOOTER
    ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
    footer {
      background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
      padding: 56px 0 40px;
    }
    .ft {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: 280px 1fr 1fr 1fr;
      gap: 48px; margin-bottom: 48px;
    }
    .ft-name {
      font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 17px;
      font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.06em; margin-bottom: 5px;
    }
    .ft-tagline {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 8px;
      letter-spacing: 0.22em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: rgba(248,248,246,0.35); margin-bottom: 16px;
    }
    .ft-desc { font-size: 12px; color: rgba(248,248,246,0.45); line-height: 1.65; }
    .ft-col-hd {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.2em; text-transform: uppercase;
      color: rgba(248,248,246,0.3); margin-bottom: 16px;
    }
    .ft-col ul { list-style: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
    .ft-col a { font-size: 13px; color: rgba(248,248,246,0.5); transition: color 0.15s; }
    .ft-col a:hover { color: var(--paper); }
    .ft-bot {
      border-top: 1px solid rgba(248,248,246,0.1);
      padding-top: 24px;
      display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
    }
    .ft-bot p {
      font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 9px;
      letter-spacing: 0.05em; color: rgba(248,248,246,0.28);
    }
    .ft-bot a { color: rgba(248,248,246,0.28); }
    .ft-bot a:hover { color: rgba(248,248,246,0.65); }

    /* ── Responsive ── */
    @media (max-width: 1100px) {
      .w { padding: 0 32px; }
      .lead-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .lead-main { border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); padding: 40px 0; }
      .lead-aside { padding: 32px 0; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0; }
      .aside-hd { width: 100%; }
      .aside-item { width: 50%; padding-right: 24px; }
      .aside-item:nth-child(even) { padding-right: 0; padding-left: 24px; border-left: 1px solid var(--rule); }
      .nl-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; }
      .con-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
      .ft { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 32px; }
    }
    @media (max-width: 720px) {
      .w { padding: 0 20px; }
      .masthead-main { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
      .masthead-right { text-align: left; }
      .masthead-links { justify-content: flex-start; }
      .art-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .man-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .man-side-lbl { writing-mode: unset; transform: none; }
      .stats-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .stat { border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
      .beat { grid-template-columns: 60px 1fr; }
      .beat-tag { display: none; }
      .aside-item { width: 100%; padding-right: 0; }
      .aside-item:nth-child(even) { padding-left: 0; border-left: none; }
      .ft { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
      .ft-bot { flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; align-items: flex-start; }
    }